Summary
Objectives
Smoking affects the voice quality and the previous studies presented higher Voice
Handicap Index (VHI) scores, and abnormal acoustic data in smokers. However, there
is no study revealing any voice parameter indicating incipient damage in voice functionality.
The studies documented that the adverse effects of smoking on phonatory function were
higher in females than males and further the prevalence of smoking among females tends
to increase. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of smoking on
the acoustic and auditory-perceptual analysis of the speaking voice in female smokers
who scored the VHI-10 scale as grade 0 (absent), and thus to look for a criterion
for incipient vocal damage of smoking.
Methods
The study group composed of 22 female smokers and 22 female nonsmokers between the
ages of 18 and 55 years. The acoustic parameters (mean F0, jitter local [%], jitter
local abs, jitter rap, jitter ppq, shimmer local [%], shimmer local [dB], shimmer
apq3, shimmer apq5, shimmer apq11, and mean HNR) and the GRBAS scale were analyzed
in all subjects.
Results
No significant difference observed between the smoker and nonsmokers groups in acoustic
voice analysis. It was seen that the smokers presented a small but significant increase
in the Strain parameter of the GRBAS scale while there was no significant difference in the Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, and Asthenia parameters between the study groups.
Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that increase in Strain could be considered as an early data in the smokers without voice complaints. However,
our data declared that conventional acoustic perturbation analysis did not reveal
incipient Strain in voice.
Key Words
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of VoiceAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Histologic changes in the larynx in relation to smoking habits.Cancer. 1970; 25: 92-104https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197001)25:1<92::AID-CNCR2820250114>3.0.CO;2-E
- Laryngeal epithelial changes on effects of smoking and drinking.Auris Nasus Larynx. 1990; 17: 105-114https://doi.org/10.1016/S0385-8146(12)80192-1
- ve and subjective evaluation of larynx in smokers and nonsmokers: a comparative study.Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014; 66: 99-109https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-011-0342-3
- Adverse effects of smoke exposure on the upper airway.Tob Control. 2004; 13: 57-60https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2003.005454
- Reinke's edema and risk factors: clinical and histopathologic aspects.Am J Otolaryngol - Head Neck Med Surg. 2002; 23: 81-84https://doi.org/10.1053/ajot.2002.30961
- and chronic respiratory symptoms: prevalence in male and female smokers.Am J Public Health. 1980; 70: 271-273https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.70.3.271
- difference in smoking effects on lung function and risk of hospitalization for COPD: results front a Danish longitudinal population study.Eur Respir J. 1997; 10: 822-827https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.97.10040822
- Gender differences in the prevalence of vocal symptoms in smokers.J Voice. 2015; 29: 588-591https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.11.010
- Women and the Tobacco Epidemic. Challenges for the 21st Century.World Health Organization, Geneva2001
- Global Adult Tobacco Survey Turkey Report..2010
- GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) Fact Sheet, Turkey 2016.2016
- Cigarette smoking and voice fundamental frequency.J Commun Disord. 1982; 15: 135-144https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9924(82)90027-2
- The effects of cigarette smoking on voice-fundamental frequency.Otolaryngol Neck Surg. 1987; 97: 376-380https://doi.org/10.1177/019459988709700406
- The effect of tobacco consumption on acoustic voice analysis (in Spanish).Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 1999; 50: 448-452
- Early effects of smoking on the voice: a multidimensional study.Med Sci Monit. 2004; 10: 649-656
- The effect of smoking on the fundamental frequency of the speaking voice.J Voice. 2019; 33 (802.e11-802.e16)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.04.001
- Evaluating the effects of smoking on the voice and subjective voice problems using a meta-analysis approach.Sci Rep. 2020; 10: 1-8https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61565-3
- Short term effect of hubble-bubble smoking on voice.J Laryngol Otol. 2011; 125: 486-491https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215110003051
- The effect of electronic cigarettes on voice quality.J Voice. 2019; 33 (811.e13-811.e17)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.03.015
- The Voice Handicap Index (VHI): development and validation.Am J Speech-Lang Pathol. 1997; 6: 66-69https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0603.66
- Validation of an instrument to measure voice-related quality of life (V-RQOL).J Voice. 1999; 13: 557-569https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80010-1
- Investigating the effects of smoking on young adult male voice by using multidimensional methods.J Voice. 2016; 30: 721-725https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.007
- Effects of early smoking habits on young adult female voices in Greece.J Voice. 2017; 31: 728-732https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.012
- Strobovideolaryngoscopic findings in singing teachers.J Voice. 2002; 16: 81-86https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(02)00075-9
- Vocal fold paresis: incidence, and the relationship between Voice Handicap Index and laryngeal EMG findings.J Voice. 2019; 33: 940-944https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.008
- A perceptual protocol for the analysis of vocal profiles.Work in Progress. Vol 14. University of Edinburgh, Department of Linguistics;, 1981: 139-155
- Clinical Examination of Voice.Springer, New York1981
- Voice Problems of Children.Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MA1987
- Voice research and clinical needs.Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2000; 52: 93-102https://doi.org/10.1159/000021517
- Consensus auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice: development of a standardized clinical protocol.Am J Speech-Lang Pathol. 2009; 18: 124-132https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2008/08-0017
- ceptual evaluation of voice disorders.Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 1996; 50: 283-291
- A comparison of voice quality ratings made by Japanese and American listeners using the GRBAS scale.Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2003; 55: 147-157https://doi.org/10.1159/000070726
- Ses Handikap Endeksi (Voice Handicap Index) Türkçe versiyonunun güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği.Kulak Burun Boğaz Ihtis Derg. 2008; 18: 139-147
- Praat: Doing Phonetics by Computer [Computer software version 6.0.36].2017 (PublishedAccessed December 20, 2017)
- Klinik fonetik ve ağız araştırmaları için özelleştirilmiş Praat programı ile uygulama.Understanding Speech and Language Disorders: Clinical Phonetic and Linguistics Course. 2014 (Istanbul)
- msr&check_spectr_indiv_interv.psc. Script for Praat.2004 (PublishedAccessed August 20, 2018)
- Perceptual evaluation of voice quality and its correlation with acoustic measurements.J Voice. 2004; 18: 299-304https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.12.004
- Understanding interobserver agreement: the kappa statistic.Fam Med. 2005; 37: 360-363
- Voice Handicap Index and interpretation of the cutoff points using receiver operating characteristic curve as screening for young adult female smokers.J Voice. 2018; 32: 64-69https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.009
- Voice loudness and gender effects on jitter and shimmer in healthy adults.J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008; 51: 1152-1160https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2008/06-0208
- Reliable jitter and shimmer measurements in voice clinics: the relevance of vowel, gender, vocal intensity, and fundamental frequency effects in a typical clinical task.J Voice. 2011; 25: 44-53https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.07.002
- Objective voice changes in nondysphonic Parkinson's disease patients.J Otolaryngol. 2006; 35: 349-354https://doi.org/10.2310/7070.2005.0130
- Effects of unilateral vocal cord paralysis on objective voice measures obtained by Praat.Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2007; 264: 257-261https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-006-0179-7
- Objective and subjective aspects of voice in pregnancy.J Voice. 2016; 30: 70-73https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.013
- Correlation between acoustic parameters and voice handicap index in dysphonic teachers.Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2010; 62: 55-60https://doi.org/10.1159/000239064
- Correlation of VHI-30 to acoustic measurements across three common voice disorders.J Voice. 2017; 31: 34-40https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.02.016
- Differentiated perceptual evaluation of pathological voice quality: reliability and correlations with acoustic measurements.Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 1996; 117: 219-224
- Test-retest study of the GRBAS scale: influence of experience and professional background on perceptual rating of voice quality.J Voice. 1997; 11: 74-80https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80026-4
Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 13, 2021
Accepted:
December 21,
2020
Footnotes
Conflict of Interest: The author declared no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and publication of this article.
Sources of Support: No external source of funding or specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit organization was received.
Ethical Approval: This study protocol was approved by the decision number 01 on 25.12.2017 at Gazi University.
Informed Consent: Each participant was provided with a written consent form before any study related procedure.
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
