Summary
Purpose
To provide voice experts with a method for determining the likelihood ratio (LR) from
the perceptual evaluation of distinctive voice attribute scores. The proposed method
aims to obtain the similarity and typicality judgments made by forensic voice experts
(FVEs) during the comparison of attributes in voice pairs.
Method
It is based on the scoring method for LR calculation. In the first stage, 17 perceptual
attributes grouped into six vocalic categories are specified. A novel graphical interface
is used to obtain discriminative responses both globally and for each attribute from
ten pairs of test sentences produced by the same and different speakers. The FVEs
should discriminate whether the attributes are similar or different in each pair and
should indicate the degree to which the attributes are present. In addition, for six
specific attributes, the FVEs must decide whether the attribute is typical or atypical
in the reference population. In the second stage, the mean score obtained in the first
stage is converted to LR using probability density functions of listeners' responses
to 1680 same/different speaker pairs discriminated for female and male speakers.
Results
The responses of the FVEs to the test pairs show the discriminatory power of the attributes,
the incidence of the typicality factor on the final score and the performance of each
FVE. With the application of the probability density functions obtained for the responses
to pairs of the same or different origin taken from the reference population, the
final scores are converted into LRs that are compared with the true conditions of
each pair.
Conclusions and future work
The application of the developed system allows the global and discriminated evaluation
of the perceptual attributes with high agreement in the comparison of pairs of voices.
Obtaining the LRs allows associating the perceptual evaluation method with the automatic
methods that are used nowadays. The responses of the FVEs taken as a reference, will
allow training and evaluating the performance of young FVEs.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 21, 2022
Accepted:
January 24,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
